Vol. 5, Issue 1, Part A (2023)

Intrauterine growth restriction is said to be present those babies whose birth weight is below the tenth percentile of the average for the gestational age. Babies who are born with Intrauterine Growth Retardation (IUGR) have higher rates seizeurs, sepsis, respiratory failure and neonatal mortality. The objective of the study is to determine the risk factors of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) admitted in BSMMU. This will be an observation study, which include 100 pregnant women having IUGR admitted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from January to June 2022. Data will be collected by taking detailed history, Socio-economic status, menstrual & obstetric history, personal history, medical history, general examination, per-abdominal examination, per-vaginal examination, investigations will be assessed along with informed written consent. Among them, 100 were babies with IUGR. So, the frequency was found to be 2.79%. In this study, out of 100 IUGR cases, 22 (22.0%) had low maternal basal metabolic index (BMI), 20 (20.0%) had anaemia and 9 (9.0%) had hypothyroidism. Among the IUGR babies, 68 (68.0%) were female babies whereas 32 (32.0%) were male babies. The parity index in pregnant women with IUGR. The clinical examination revealed the symphysiofundal height of more >3 cm less in 82 (82%) whereas >6 cm less in 18 (18%) cases. The ultasonological study revealed abdominal circumference of less than tenth percentile in all 100 cases. Amniotic fluid index showed between 5-8cm in 52 (52%) whereas <5 cm in 48 (48%) cases. Maternal risk factors like low pregnancy body mass index, preeclampsia, anaemia, hypothyroidism and placental factors like retro placental hemorrhage were mainly responsible for intrauterine growth restriction. The early identification of risk factors and management of the same antenatally is an important issue to prevent adverse perinatal outcomes associated with IUGR.